Criterion for estimating humidity control capacity of materials in a room

As a measure of estimating humidity control capacity of materials in an airtight room under sinusoidal temperature variation, we used the Cb value, which is the ratio of the range of variation in relative humidity in a steel box lined with the material of interest to the range in an empty steel box. In order to clarify the factors that affect the Cb value, we focused on both the temperature variation rate and the area that is lined in the box. It was found that changing the rate of temperature variation over one period strongly affected the Cb value, although the amplitude of temperature variation did not. We further noticed that the difference between the time when peak temperature was reached and the time when peak absolute humidity was reached (peak time difference), was found to be useful for estimating the humidity control capacity of materials. Knowing the difference between the phase when peak temperature was reached and the phase when peak absolute humidity was reached (phase angle difference) was also useful. Because the Cb value was affected by both the variation period and the lined area in the box, we can draw a contour diagram of the period and the lined area for materials to give an overview of the humidity control capacity of a material. The materials of primary interest in this study were Japanese cedar and porous ceramics.     

Thermal properties of interior decorating material and the sensation of cold/warm by contact II: the relations among heat flux, temperature change of material, and sensation of cold/warm by contact

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in heat flux and temperature after the subject's palm was in contact with interior decorating materials. The relations among heat flux, temperature, and sensation of cold/warm during contact were studied. Ten men and ten women were selected and introduced to 21 materials for the contact test. They were in contact with the specimens for 30min without seeing them in a climate-controlled room at 25°±1°C and 65% RH. Changes in the heat flux and temperature of the specimens were determined by a heat flux meter. A sensory evaluation test was applied to evaluate the cold-warm contact. Results indicated that the heat flux and temperature increased with increasing time after the subject's palm was in contact with the specimens. The heat flux (Q ₃₀) and temperature (T ₃₀) 30min after the subject's palm contacted the specimens were greater for male subjects than for female subjects. A positive linear regression equation existed between the values for Q₃₀ andT ₃₀, whereas a negative linear regression formula existed the sensation of cold-warm by contact (5) and the values of ln(Q ₁·). Therefore, the sensation of cold/warm by contact could be estimated simply by using the thermal physical properties of the interior decorating materials.Part of this report was presented at the International Conference on Effective Utilization of Plantation Timber, Chi-Tou, Taiwan, ROC, May 1999     

Agronomic and economic appraisal of alley cropping with Leucaena diversifolia on an acid soil in the highlands of Burundi

Although alley cropping has been shown elsewhere to permit continuous cropping, it has not been widely tested in the highlands of east and central Africa where it has the additional potential of controlling soil erosion. The effect of four rates (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha^–1) of inorganic N on the performance of alley cropping using Leucaena diversifolia as the hedgerow species was studied in the central highlands of Burundi. Significant increase in maize yield (average of 26%) due to alley cropping was only first realised in 1992, three years after the commencement of the trial. In 1993, the average yield advantage of the alley cropping plots was 21%. The prunings augmented the response of maize yield to inorganic N in 1992 and 1993. Compared with the control, economic benefits over the five-year period for all the treatments were negative.     

Advance in receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatase Q

Receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatase Q (PTPRQ) is an unusual protein tyrosine phosphatase that has intrinsic dephosphorylating activity for various phosphatidylinositiol and phospho-tyrosine substrates, especially the phosphatidylinositol activity. Recent data show that PTPRQ has an important role in various biological processes and is associated with some diseases. In this article, the structure and function of PTPRQ and the relationship between PTPRQ and diseases were briefly summarized.     

Cost minimization through the use of taungya system in pulpwood plantation establishment

The costs and benefits of the use of three labour alternatives: direct permanent, direct casual and taungya labour in Gmelina arborea pulpwood plantation establishment in Nigeria were investigated. Results show that cost per hectare is lowest with taungya labour and highest with permanent labour with savings in cost of as much as 30% and 47% by taungya labour over casual and permanent labour respectively. The net present value per hectare of investment is highest when taungya labour is used and lowest and negative with permanent labour. Also, the internal rate of return of investment is highest with taungya labour and lowest with permanent labour. The net present values and internal rates of return for Gmelina plantations calculated for the three pulp and paper mills in Nigeria show the same trend in favour of taungya labour.     

轿子山自然保护区植被类型及其保护价值评价

依据《云南植被》编目系统，将轿子山自然保护区的植被划分为7个植被型，9个植被亚型，16个群系，20个群落，并对各植被类型的保护价值进行了数量化评价，在此基础上对保护价值较高的急尖长苞冷杉林、野八角一乳状石栎林、杜鹃矮林、杜鹃灌丛和元江栲林、高山柏灌丛等6个主要植被类型进行了评价。     

松针粉饲用价值及市场展望

松什粉是一种高效绿色饲料添加剂。松针资源在全国各地十分丰富，但这种资源没有得到合理有效地利用。从松针粉的饲用价值、生产工艺、市场前景以及研究应用现状说明松针资源和松针产品应该引起社会足够的关注。     

沙地人工模拟飞播对植物多样性的影响——以正蓝旗科技支撑项目区为例

从植物多样性恢复利用的角度来探讨治理流动沙地的有效途径和方法,对正蓝旗科技支撑示范区的人工模拟飞播植物群落进行了调查和分析,结果表明:项目实施区中的扁蓿豆、冷蒿、冰草等10种植物的重要值均大于对照区;二裂委陵菜、苔草、虫实等10种植物重要值均小于对照区;物种丰富度指数大于对照样地,Alatalo均匀度指数小于对照样地,而多样性指数明显大于对照样地;1年生草本植物种的重要值低于对照区,而多年生草本植物明显高于对照区。     

森林资源价值计量理论基础的局限性分析

如何运用价值量指标来计算森林资产的价值,一直引起人们的争议。森林资产价值理论基础呈多元性。但无论是传统马克思主义经济学还是西方主流经济学,都存在局限性。文章对此进行了具体分析,提出“影响因素价值论”,以期解决自然资源定价出现的困惑。     

我国薪炭材树种的热值与生态差异的研究

本文对木材热值的测定方法进行了研究。为了提高试验的精确度,改进了试样的容器;减少试样辅助添加剂引入的误差;考虑了含脂材挥发物对热值的影响,提出了一个实际通用的测试方法。通过对二十四种样木的测试,综合分析了测试误差、生态差异以及营林因子等的影响,对薪材热值的树种间差异和生态因子对热值变异时影响进行了研究。